The launcher everyone uses instead of the original one. You start races, change settings and set up CSP here.
Free from acstuff.club. The free Lite version is all you need; the paid Full version (a donation to the developer) adds extras like custom championships and server tools.
Your personal Assetto Corsa folder with settings, replays, screenshots and logs. Mods never go here.
Easy to mix up with the root folder because both are called "Assetto Corsa". Content Manager writes its logs to Documents\Assetto Corsa\logs, which helps when you ask for support.
Created by CSP. Holds everything CSP-related, plus the files of Pure and most filters.
If this folder exists in your root folder, CSP was installed at least once. Pure and modern PP filters add files here, which is why they must be copied in by hand.
The folder Assetto Corsa is installed in. Almost every mod, CSP, Pure and filters are installed here.
When a guide says "extract into the root folder", it means this folder: the one that contains acs.exe and the folders apps, content, extension and system.